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主讲：/strong丁思莹（ ### ）/p主持：/strong秦 聪（ ### ）/p时间：/strong####/span年#/span月##/span日（星期三）##:##-##:##/span/p地点：/strong立德教学楼##/span层####/span会议室/p/p
报告摘要：/strong/pWe develop a semi-parametric framework to measure the unequal incidence of monopolistic markup distortions in the global economy. Nesting a broad class of quantitative trade models, our framework identifies two channels through which trade integration reshapes the welfare cost of markups: (#) change in markup dispersion through pro-competitive effects, and (#) international profit-shifting, which represents zero-sum transfers between countries through excess profit payments. We present a dual interpretation of the latter channel: markups function as decentralized tariffs that distort the terms of trade in favor of high-markup exporters. Drawing on global firm-level data on markups and profit ownership, we find that international profit-shifting has significantly lowered the welfare cost of markups for high-income countries while magnifying it for low-income nations. This asymmetry arises because high-income countries supply higher markup goods and receive a disproportionate share of global excess profits. We estimate that these transfers represent an #.#% tariff burden on low-income countries, far exceeding the preferential tariff benefits they receive under existing trade agreements./span/p本文构建了 ### 承担（获取）的不均等的垄断加成损失（利润）。在一个普适性的量化贸易模型下，本文识别了贸易全球化影响垄断加成损失的两个机制：（#/span）通过促竞争效应改变垄断加成的分布；（#/span）通过国际利润转移， ### 垄断利润的零和分配。此外，本文发现，国际利润转移这一机制与关税的作用类似，它扭曲了各国的贸易条件，并且使得高价格加成产品 ### 。 ### 有权数据，本文发现，国际利润转移一方面显著降低了高收入国家的垄断加成损失，另一方面加剧了低收入国家的垄断加成损失。这种不均等的分配是由于高收入国家主要出口高价格加成的产品，进而在全球垄断利润分配的过程中获取了更多的利润。据我们估计， ### 承担的垄断加成损失相当于#.#%/span的关税负担， ### 获得的优惠关税待遇。/p/p
报告人简介：/strong/p 丁思莹， ### 助理教授、 ### 经济学博士，主要从事公共经济学、国际贸易学方面的研究，主持国家自然科学基金青年项目。其研究成果发表在Journal of Development Economics, Journal of Urban Economics, European Journal of Political Economy, World Economy,/span《 ### 会科学》等国内外知名学术期刊。/p
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